Feel the Magic of Hanoi: Top 20 Sights in Vietnam's Capital

From your very first step out of the hotel onto the streets of Hanoi, you’re in for something incredible. Especially at rush hour, you’ll find out exactly what the word “chaos” means. Endless streams of scooters and rattling little motorbikes, noisy streets, traffic, and the amazing smell of seafood from the street stalls you’ll find literally every 10–20 metres. For me, Vietnam was a collision of an epic culture and utter, glorious chaos, stunningly beautiful nature and magnificent traditions. A genuinely warm, smiling nation, despite the poverty that’s hard to miss. That’s exactly what draws people to Asia – minds freed from material things.

Hanoi is a typical Asian capital: lively and noisy, yet somehow you sense a deep inner peace all around you. People here don’t speak English, and if you ask them something, they’ll struggle to understand you. But don’t be surprised if a complete stranger stops you with a smile and hands you a piece of fruit. It happened to me twice in 48 hours. Maybe because I’m a foreigner, tall and obviously a long way from my own world. But that’s what made such a big impression on me. Not to mention how cheap everything is.

The Vietnamese people have lived through many dark chapters in their history, but every story has its happy ending, and today Vietnam is at peace. The story of Hanoi begins around a thousand years ago, when Emperor Lý Thái Tổ made the city his capital and named it Thang Long, meaning “ascending dragon”. Over the years the city changed its name many times, until its present name, Hanoi (which translates as “the city by the river”), was chosen in 1831.

The old part of the city has lots of buildings reminiscent of European neoclassicism. That really struck me, because you don’t often see that kind of architecture in Asian countries. It’s because Hanoi was the capital of French Indochina for a long time, and the colonists demolished much of the city to put up buildings that were modern for the day. The mix of cultures and architecture is genuinely impressive.

In this article I’ve gathered the 20 most interesting sights in Hanoi, along with a few tips to make your stay even more exciting and memorable.

When to visit Hanoi

Hanoi is a wonderful destination all year round, but the best months are March–April and October–November. Spring and autumn bring mild temperatures, clear days and fresh air – ideal for walking and sightseeing. Rain is rare in these seasons, which makes the weather even more pleasant.

Summer (May–September) in Hanoi is hot and humid, with frequent but short-lived downpours. Winter (December–February) is cool, with temperatures around 15–20°C, which is also great for sightseeing, although you’ll miss the blossoming trees and bright greenery.

How to get there

There are currently no direct flights from Sofia to Hanoi, so the easiest way to reach the Vietnamese capital is with a connection. Some of the most popular routes involve a change in:

• Istanbul – with Turkish Airlines;
• Dubai – with Emirates;
• Doha (Qatar) – with Qatar Airways.

Flights with these airlines are usually well priced, and the journey takes between 15 and 20 hours, depending on how long your layovers are.

Getting around the city

Hanoi has plenty of transport options, and the most popular ways of getting around are:

• Taxis: An easy, affordable way to get around the city. Be careful and only use reputable companies such as Mai Linh and Vinasun.
• Motorbike taxis (Xe om): If you want a taste of local life and to beat the traffic, motorbike taxis are a quick and fun option.
• City buses: A cheap way to get around, but the routes can be hard for foreigners to work out.
• Tuk-tuks: Traditional vehicles that give you an authentic experience.

I recommend using the Grab app, which works like Uber and gives you clear prices and convenience.

Which local dishes to try

Hanoi is famous for its unique cuisine. Some of the dishes you simply have to try are:

• Pho: A traditional soup with rice noodles and beef or chicken.
• Bun Cha: Grilled pork served with rice noodles and fresh herbs.
• Banh Mi: A Vietnamese sandwich with all sorts of fillings.
• Egg Coffee: A speciality you’ll only find in Vietnam.

What to see in Hanoi

The Temple of Literature

The Temple of Literature is one of Hanoi’s most important historic sites. Built in 1070, it’s dedicated to Confucius and was Vietnam’s first university. The complex has several courtyards, ponds and beautiful gateways, where you can enjoy the peaceful atmosphere and learn more about the education system of ancient Vietnam. The commemorative stone steles bearing the names of graduates are among the most precious artefacts here.

The temple is a lovely place for a stroll, and its architecture is a classic example of traditional Vietnamese style.

Admission: 30,000 VND (about 1.20 EUR)

The Old Quarter

Hanoi’s Old Quarter is the heart of the city and the place to feel the pulse of local life. The streets are narrow and crammed with little shops, cafés and stalls selling everything from ceramics to silk clothes. Each street is devoted to a particular craft, which makes wandering around the area especially fascinating.

Make sure you stop at one of the little eateries to try some street food, or pick up a handmade souvenir. The atmosphere is lively, noisy and completely authentic.

Train Street

The street with the train, known as Train Street, is one of Hanoi’s most iconic sights. Tucked away in the heart of the city, this one-of-a-kind street is famous for the trains that squeeze past incredibly close to the homes and cafés. Tourists love to gather here to watch the trains go by and soak up the thrilling atmosphere.

When a train is due, the locals calmly gather up their tables and chairs to clear the way. As soon as it has passed, the street fills with life again. It’s an incredible place for photos, but be careful and follow the safety instructions.

The Imperial Citadel (Imperial Citadel of Thang Long)

Hanoi’s Imperial Citadel is a UNESCO World Heritage Site with a long history going back to the 11th century. For centuries it was the centre of political power in Vietnam. A walk around the complex takes you through ancient gates, past archaeological finds and the remains of imperial palaces.

The citadel is a perfect spot for history lovers and offers a fascinating window onto the country’s past.

Admission: 30,000 VND (about 1.20 EUR)

Hoan Kiem Lake

Hoan Kiem Lake is one of Hanoi’s best-loved places for a stroll. Right in the centre of the city, it’s surrounded by green spaces and footpaths. In the middle of the lake sits a small island with the ancient Thap Rua (Turtle Tower) – a symbol of Hanoi.

Legend has it that this is where Emperor Le Loi returned a magic sword to a divine turtle after freeing the country from Chinese rule. Today the lake is a favourite with locals and tourists alike for relaxing and taking photos.

Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum

The Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum is one of Vietnam’s most important historical and cultural landmarks. This imposing granite monument is the final resting place of national leader Ho Chi Minh, who played a key role in reunifying the country. Inside, you can see Ho Chi Minh’s embalmed body, preserved in a glass sarcophagus.

The complex around the mausoleum also includes the Presidential Palace, the gardens and the old house where Ho Chi Minh lived. Visitors must follow a strict dress code and keep silent while inside.

Admission: Free (but donations are welcome)

The One Pillar Pagoda

The One Pillar Pagoda is a Buddhist temple and an iconic Hanoi landmark, famous for its unique design. Built in 1049, it’s shaped like a lotus flower, a symbol of purity. It rises from a single pillar in the middle of a small pond – hence the name.

Legend says the pagoda was built to thank the Buddha for the birth of a son to Emperor Lý Thái Tông. The place is not only an architectural landmark but also spiritually important to the locals.

Admission: Free

Vietnam Museum of Ethnology

The Museum of Ethnology is a must for anyone who wants to learn more about Vietnam’s cultural diversity. Its exhibitions cover the country’s 54 ethnic groups, including their traditions, clothing and artefacts.

As well as the indoor galleries, the museum has an open-air park with traditional houses from different regions. It’s a great place for families and anyone interested in cultural history.

Admission: 40,000 VND (about 1.60 EUR)

Vietnam Military History Museum

The Vietnam Military History Museum gives you a gripping insight into the country’s military past. You can see a wide range of exhibits, from old weapons and army uniforms to the wreckage of planes and tanks. The most striking exhibit is the Flag Tower, which dates back to the 19th century.

The museum is a great place to learn about the key events and battles that have shaped Vietnam over the centuries, including the Vietnam War.

Admission: 40,000 VND (about 1.60 EUR)

St Joseph’s Cathedral

St Joseph’s Cathedral is one of the oldest and most beautiful churches in Hanoi. Built in 1886, it impresses with its Gothic architecture, reminiscent of Notre-Dame in Paris. With its large stained-glass windows and tall towers, it’s an important place for Hanoi’s Catholic community.

The cathedral is open to tourists, and on Saturdays and Sundays visitors are welcome to attend Mass.

Admission: Free

Quan Thanh Temple

Dedicated to Tran Vu – god of the Northern Heavens and protector of Hanoi – Quan Thanh Temple is one of the oldest religious sites in the city. Built in the 11th century, it impresses with its traditional architecture, including wood carvings and stone statues. Its most remarkable treasure is the giant bronze statue of Tran Vu, which weighs around 4 tonnes.

The temple stands on the shore of West Lake and has a peaceful atmosphere for meditation and reflection, far from the bustle of the city.

Admission: 10,000 VND (about 0.40 EUR)

Hanoi Opera House

Built in 1911 by French architects, the Hanoi Opera House is a majestic building that symbolises the city’s cultural heritage. Inspired by the Paris Opera, it’s a fine example of neoclassical architecture. It regularly hosts concerts, ballet and theatre productions reflecting both Western and Vietnamese traditions.

Even if you don’t catch a performance, the interior with its ornate decoration and marble staircases is well worth a look.

Admission: Prices vary depending on the performance (usually between 300,000 and 2,000,000 VND)

Ho Tay Water Park

Ho Tay Water Park is perfect for families and anyone looking for some fun. Set in the West Lake area, it has a whole range of water slides, pools and rides. There’s also a separate area with merry-go-rounds and games for children.

It’s popular with locals and tourists alike, especially on hot summer days, when everyone is looking to cool off and have fun.

Admission: 120,000 VND (about 4.80 EUR) for adults; 100,000 VND (about 4.00 EUR) for children

Hoa Lo Prison

Hoa Lo Prison, also known as the “Hanoi Hilton”, is a history museum covering the French colonial era and the Vietnam War. The prison was first used for Vietnamese political prisoners and later for American prisoners of war.

The museum has original cells, artefacts and documentary films that give you an insight into the prisoners’ lives and the historical events.

Admission: 30,000 VND (about 1.20 EUR)

Dong Xuan Market

Dong Xuan is Hanoi’s biggest covered market and a true shopper’s paradise. You’ll find everything here, from clothes and shoes to souvenirs and traditional food. It’s a great place to get a feel for local culture and try your hand at haggling.

The market is especially lively at weekends, when there are night bazaars with music and street performances.

Admission: Free

West Lake and Tran Quoc Pagoda

West Lake (Ho Tay) is the largest freshwater lake in Hanoi and a favourite with locals and tourists. The area around it is full of restaurants, cafés and quiet paths for walking. It’s a peaceful place to watch the sunset or hire a boat for a short trip on the water.

In the south-eastern part of the lake stands Tran Quoc Pagoda – one of the oldest pagodas in Vietnam, more than 1,500 years old. It sits on a small island linked by a bridge and is famous for its Buddhist artefacts and unique architecture.

Admission: Free

Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts

The Museum of Fine Arts in Hanoi is one of the best places to explore Vietnamese culture through art. Its collections include traditional paintings, sculptures, lacquerware and textiles. One of the most impressive sections is devoted to ancient Buddhist artefacts and contemporary works by Vietnamese artists.

The museum offers a detailed look at Vietnam’s cultural heritage and how the country has developed over the centuries, which makes it a must for art lovers.

Admission: 40,000 VND (about 1.60 EUR)

Thang Long Water Puppet Theatre

The Thang Long Water Puppet Theatre is a unique cultural attraction showcasing the ancient Vietnamese tradition of puppetry on water. The shows feature live music, traditional songs and scenes of village life, myths and legends of Vietnam. It’s a wonderful experience for children and adults alike.

The show takes place in a special auditorium near Hoan Kiem Lake and is especially popular with tourists.

Admission: 100,000 VND (about 4 EUR)

Ha Long Bay

Although it’s outside Hanoi, Ha Long Bay is a must-do trip for every visitor. About 3 hours away by car, the bay is famous for its thousands of limestone islands and emerald waters. It’s a UNESCO World Heritage Site and offers all kinds of activities, such as cruises, kayaking and cave visits.

Lots of tour companies in Hanoi offer day trips or longer tours to the bay, with food and transport included.

Admission: Prices vary by tour (usually between 500,000 and 2,000,000 VND). I recommend booking a day trip HERE.

Ninh Binh

Ninh Binh, often called “Ha Long Bay on land”, is a picturesque region of dramatic limestone cliffs, green rice paddies and ancient temples. There’s plenty to explore, including boat trips along the Tam Coc river, which winds through beautiful caves and majestic scenery.

Other sights in Ninh Binh include the ancient capital of Hoa Lu, where you can immerse yourself in Vietnam’s history, and Bai Dinh Pagoda – the largest Buddhist complex in Vietnam. It makes an ideal day trip from Hanoi that will wow you with its natural beauty and cultural riches.

Admission: Prices vary depending on the site (between 50,000 and 200,000 VND)